Fbanqois d u r a n d



@latten gisten ienne; @mmc Leners Paten: ivo. 78,268, daad May 2e, 186s.

IMPRovBD BRICK-MACHINE.

dige Srlgnnle ninna tu le ligase Filters aicnt ma im-illiagfintt ef tige sa le.

'ITO ALL WHOM IT MAYv CONCERN:

Be it known that I, FRANoIs DURAND, of Paris, in the Empreiof France, have invented some new and useful Improvements in Machines for Pressing or Moulding Bricks, tiles, or for pressing pulp and other matters; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable those skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification. 4 r In principle, the moulding or pressing is edected in a box or compartment, surmounted by a hopper, in

which is placed the matter which it is to receive. flhis box or compartment is fixed to a framework, carrying the several mechanical devices, and is always open, receiving the matter to he pressed by its weight in thehopper. 4

vThe horizontal or side pressure is produced by a piston, operated by a crank or eccentric, which receives its motion from a driving-shaft. The moulding operates automatically, and the bricks, blocks, tiles, according to their manufacture, are conveyed away by an endless belt, receiving its motion from the driving-shaft,

The only modification which it is necessary to make in the machine, when pressing pulps, consists in using a hollow piston instead of av solid piston, which is used when moulding bricks, blocks, or tiles. i

I will now proceed to describe the arrangement and operation ofthe parts to the machine, reference being i I had to the .accompanying plate of drawings, in which t Figure l is a longitudial section ofthe machine for moulding bricks, blocks, ,&c.and.

Figure 2 a plan or top view.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.'

B, in the drawings, is the box, in which the moulding takes place. This hex is rigidly iixed'to or formed asa part of the frame O, carrying the operating-mechanism. l

The box B is provided with an opening in its upper side, forming a passage for the material contained in the hopper T, which is xed above the box. 4

The moulding is effected by-the rectilinear movement of thc piston, P, which is` operated through a Pitmanrod, B', connecting it with the crank-end ofthe shaft A. v

The pin b, .by which the rod B is hung to the pistou P, isv extended from cach sideof the same, into grooves7 g, of the rods G, disposed parallel with lthe framework.-

The rear piston or presser, P', is fixed to the bars or rods G, and it partaks of their movement; andA they are-prevented from being longitudinally displaced, by bearing-blocks or guides, O, arranged in the framework. The driving-shaft A works the grooved bars G, and the pin Z1 traverses the groove g. p l

On the shaft A, each side ofthe 'cranlopoition thereto, are mounted cams C, which act upouthc inside of the yoke-frames C, of the rods or bars G. l

While the circular portions of the cams c are acting upon the yokes C, the rear piston, P', remains stationary, and the comprcssionrof the clay takes place. i

The driving-shaft turns in the direction of the arrow, and the ,position of the piston P, as is indicated in the drawings, is that when it has completed the compression, that is to say, when the circumference of-the l cams C have ceased to act upon the yokese. l

The axis orpin then comes in contact with the forward ends of the grooves g, and the piston P,`con tinuing its forward movement, discharges the mould in the following manner: l

The bars or rods G, being no longer retained by the cams c, move with the pistou, and consequently carry back the rear piston P', until the piston has arrived at the ends ot' its movement.

As the two pistons maintain a perfect parallelism, it follows that the brick or tile is moved along without being subjected or liable to the least alteration -in form.

The discharge of the mould iscxecutcd entirely automatically, and the brick is removed by a mechanism suitable therefor, as, for instance, an endless belt orrband, placed transversely to the. 'end of the machine, and arranged to receive its movement by a gear-wheel, F, engaged with another gear-wheel, F', mounted upon an airis-or shaft, E, which is operated by a catch,j, driven by a rod, J', and an eccentric-disk, D,keyed upon the driving-shaft, and acting upon a ratchet-wheel,

The saidaxis carries another gear-wheel, which engags with a gear of same diameter, keyed upon another shaft, provided with a cam, e'. i

This cam has to raise, at the moment desired, a diskyprovided to receive the moulded bricks, which disk is located under the endless `belt,fand 'is furnished with two rods, passing intotavo fixed guides, that hold it always parallel, which are fastened vat their bottom to a small cross-bar, which is placed in contact with the cam just above referred to. i i

When the piston has reached the extreme limit of'its movement, the brick delivered from' the'macliine isl received uporivthe endless belt or table, the weight'of which brick is taken bythe plate arranged and connected therewith, that at that moment is raised bylthe cam, when the moulding iscomp'leted.

-To avoid the putting outof sbapeof the bricks, the 'endless apron is provided-with props located at con venient distances, which props Aare for the purpose ofbringing shelves successively into place, or one after the other. These shelves are placed above, in a-small frame', located upon the' side, and place themselves upon theendless apron.l

Each brick is set upon .a .separate shelf, which permits of' its being carried to lthe dry-house or kiln without danger of being injured.

The cams C, after the moulding, again act upon` thc yokes c, drawing back the rear piston P' into its original position, for effecting the moulding of another brick, and soon.

The frame() supports a s,ha ft,'E-,1` on which are mounted ltwo pulleys, a fixed and a loose one, a ily-wheel, and pinion-wheel that is engagedwith a large geel-wheel, N l, keyed uponwthe shaft A. Y The fixed and loose pulleysmay receive their movement from any inotor whatever for` transmitting it to the shaft A, through which all the'parts of the machine are driven.

The peculiarity of my machine, and which gives to it aspecial character, is that the clay is thrown into the hopper without any preparation, except being gathered together, and that the compression in the vertical direction is only produced by the weight of-the clay itself' accumulated in the hopp-er.

In tlg. l, byred lines, an arrangement of mechanism isshownto adapt the machine to the manufacture of hollowr bricks, whichconsists in a series of pins, t', working through the rear piston P', and all secured to a rod `or bar, that at its extremities is operated by two levering', mounted upon an oscillatingnris, J; Thisiaxis is 'operatedlby any suitable disposition of parts, which it isnot necessary to indicate-upon, the drawings.

' When the'pressure has arrived at its limit, the cams() andC', whichmove the rear piston P', ceasing to act, itY becomes free, and the piston P, continuing its movement, forces outward what remains of the matter, under the'form ot`. blocks or brieks. i i' The movement 'of the piston P is determined by the camA, which, as with the cams C and C', is keyed upon the shaft a'. i

The form ci the cams C CL and' A, is to be such thatin the first part. of theoperation, consisting in introducing the matter into the mould,'the movements that are imparted 'to both pistons will be suiiiciently rapid, while at the time of compression the movements will be very slow, in order-to augment the power of the machine.

I claim as new, and desire; to secure by Letters Patent-- 1.`The combination of' the pin 1 pitman B', pistons P P',.grooved bars Gcams c, yokes C', and crankshaft A, all arranged and opera-ting as herein described for the'purposespecitied.

2. The combination of'ithe eccentric-diskfD, connectingrod J', gear-wheels F F', ratchetj', upon-shaft E,VV

thecatch j, and the'oscillating-arm'or disk s herein describedffor the purposespecified.V

-In-'testimony whereof, 4I have signed my name to this specification in presence ot'- two subscribing witnesses.

f ER.DURAND, Witnesses:

G. RIMAUX, .Inuits 'I-IAND. 

